Nests in Trees, Bushes, or Vines 
757a. Bicknell’s Thrush: Turdus aliciz bicknelli (Ridgw.) 
Adult—Upper parts rich olive ; under parts white, slightly tinged 
on the breast with buff, shading into gray on the sides ; 
throat, breast, and sides spotted with dark brown; ring 
round the eye dull white. Length—6.25 to 7.25. 
Breeding Range—The mountainous regions of the Northeastern 
States. 
The nest is placed in bushes or low trees, not far from the 
ground, usually in damp woods. It is composed of leaves, grass, 
moss, Sticks, strips of bark, and lined with grass. The eggs are 
bluish green (darker than those of the olive-backed thrush), finely 
spotted with reddish brown. Size—.87 x .63. 
This bird resembles closely the gray-cheeked thrush; it is 
somewhat smaller and brighter in colour. 
758a. Olive-backed or Swainson’s Thrush: Turdus 
ustulatus swainsonii (Cab.) 
Adult—Upper parts dusky olive ; under parts, breast, and throat 
buff ; belly white ; sides gray with blackish spots except on 
the belly ; eye ring and lores buff. Length—7.17. 
Breeding Range—In the higher mountains of Pennsylvania, and 
from northern New England northward. Mr. Brewster 
speaks of it breeding commonly on Mount Graylock in 
western Massachusetts. 
The nest is placed in a bush or tree within ten feet of the 
ground. It is made of leaves, grass, twigs, moss, and fine roots, 
and is rather bulky. The eggs, 3 to 4 in number, are pale bluish 
green with specks or spots of light reddish brown and dull lilac. 
Size—.93 x .68. 
The Olive-backed Thrush is an inhabitant of the secluded 
woods, and during the breeding season, which commences about 
the middle of June, they live almost exclusively in the regions 
where coniferous trees abound. 
761. American Robin: Merula migratoria (Linn.) 
Adult 6 — Head black with white eye ring ; back slate colour ; tail 
black with white tips at the ends of the outer feathers ; throat 
170 
