BUDS AND BRANCHES 
95 
buds which are only slightly protected by scales, but these 
buds are usually small and often more or less hidden under 
pat 
ih 
\ 4 
the bark, as in the sy- 
ringa (Philadelphus) 
and the thorny honey 
locust (Gleditsia). 
89. Buds become 
shoots. If we watch 
the opening and sub- 
sequent growth of a 
bud (figs. 76, 83, and 
8+), we shall find that 
sometimes it develops 
into a leafy shoot; 
that is, it forms the 
beginning of a new 
twig or lengthens out 
the twig, branch, or 
main stem at the tip 
of which it was formed. 
Sometimes it develops 
into a flower or a clus- 
ter of flowers. Some- 
times it produces both 
leaves and flowers. 
Buds, then, are classi- 
fied, according to the 
results of their devel- 
opment, into leaf buds, 
flower buds, and mized 
Fie. 77. Twig of hick- 
ory in winter condition 
sc, scar of last year’s 
leaf; dut, a lateral bud: 
1, a last year’s leafstalk ; 
ax, a lateral bud in the 
axil of the leafstalk; ¢, 
terminal bud. Reduced 
buds. And since a flower (as we shall see 
in Chapter IX) is only a peculiar kind of 
shoot specialized for seed production, we 
may define a bud as an wndeveloped shoot. 
90. Position of buds. Buds are either terminal (growing 
from the tip of the stem) or lateral (growing from its side). 
-ace 
Fic. 78. Twigs of 
butternut, with ac- 
cessory buds, in win- 
ter condition 
A, part of a twig, near 
a leaf scar, about nat- 
ural size ; B, tip of 
another twig, slightly 
reduced ; ace, acces- 
sory bud; az, axillary 
bud; sc, leaf scar ; ¢, 
terminal bud. Note 
the unequal size of the 
buds in B, and the 
difference in shape be- 
tween the axillary and 
terminal buds in B 
(all leaf buds) and the 
two egg-shaped flower 
buds, fl, in A 
