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LOUIS PASTEUR 
Louis Pasteur, the world’s most noted bacteriologist (b. Dole, France, 1522; d. Paris, 
1895), in studying fermentation, was the first to develop accurate methods for se- 
curing pure cultures. When the nature of bacterial disease was unknown, he dis- 
covered the causes of two destructive diseases of silkworms (from which France 
had lost sometimes as much as $20,000,000 in one year), proved that the diseases are 
infectious, and showed how to avoid them. Though partially paralyzed (1868), 
he devised means of treatment for hydrophobia, taught men the possibility of 
freedom from disease, and laid the foundation for modern bacteriology and pub- 
lic hygiene. In recognition of his services to the world he was given a gold medal 
inseribed ‘* To Pasteur, France and Humanity Grateful ” 
