MULBERRY FAMILY 65 
thickened calyxes of many flowers; ovary sessile; stigmas 2, 
linear, spreading; the fleshy perianth inclosing the ovary at 
maturity.* 
1. M. rubra L. Rep Mutperry. A small tree. Leaves cordate- 
ovate, often 8-5-lobed on vigorous shoots, taper-pointed at the apex,’ 
serrate, rough above, white, densely woolly beneath. Mature fruiting 
spikes oblong, drooping, dark red or purple, edible. On rich soil. 
Wood very durable, bearing exposure to the weather. 
2. M. alba L. WuitE Mutperry. A small tree. Leaves ovate, 
heart-shaped, acute at the apex, rounded and often oblique at 
the base, serrate or sometimes lobed. 
Smooth and shining on both sides. 
Mature fruit light red or white. In- 
troduced and common about old 
dwellings.* 
Il. MACLURA Nutt. (TOXYLON) 
A small tree with milky juice. 
Leaves alternate, petioled, spines Fig. 13. Morus alba 
axillary. Flowers diccious. Stam- A, sainne Aven, shot tote 
inate flowers in short axillary ra- times natural size; B, cluster 
cemes; calyx 4-parted; stamens4, of pistillate flowers. (After 
inflexed in the bud. Pistillate flow- ae 
ers in axillary, peduncled, capitate clusters; calyx 4-parted; 
ovary sessile; style long; calyxes becoming thickened and fleshy 
in fruit and aggregated into a large, dense, globular head.* 
1. M. pomifera Schneider. Osage Orance. A small tree with 
ridged, yellowish-brown bark. Leaves minutely downy when young, 
becoming smooth and shining with age, ovate or ovate-oblong, taper- 
pointed at the apex, obtuse or subcordate at the base, entire, petioled. 
Staminate racemes about 1 in. long. Pistillate flower clusters about 
1 in. in diameter. Fruit yellowish, tubercled, 3-4 in. in diameter. 
In rich soil. Native in Texas and extensively planted for hedges. 
Wood very durable when exposed to the weather, and therefore used 
for fence posts. As the wood does not swell or shrink with changes 
in its moisture, it is highly valued for wheel hubs, etc.* 
III. BROUSSONETIA L’Her. 
Small trees with milky juice. Leaves alternate, petioled. 
Flowers dicecious; staminate in cylindrical spikes, with a 
