106 KEY AND FLORA 
1. D. diphylla L. Two-Leavep Tootawort, Preprer Root, 
CrINKLE Root. Rootstock long, often branched, toothed, eatable, 
with a flavor like that of .cress or radish. Stem leaves 2, close 
together, each composed of 3 ovate-diamond-shaped and toothed or 
crenate leaflets; the basal leaf like the stem leaves. Flowers white. 
Damp woods. 
2. D. laciniata Muhl. Crow’s-Foor. Rootstock short, necklace- 
like. Stem leaves 3-parted; basal leaf often absent. Flowers white 
or rose color. Woods. 
XII. CARDAMINE L. 
Annual or perennial. Rootstock often scaly or bulb-bearing. 
Stem erect or ascending, usually smooth. Leaves more or 
less divided. Flowers in terminal racemes, white or purple. 
Petals rather large. Stamens 6. Fruit a linear, flattened pod ; 
seeds several, in a single row in each cell.* i 
1. C. rhomboidea DC. Butsous Cress. Perennial. Root tuber- 
ous. Stem simple, erect, smooth, without runners, 9-18 in. tall. 
Lower leaves long-petioled, ovate, orbicular, or heart-shaped, often 
angled or toothed; the upper short-petioled or sessile, lanceolate or 
oblong, toothed or entire. Pedicels }-1 in. long. Petals white, 1-1 in. 
long. Pod erect, linear-lanceolate, tipped by the persistent style; 
seeds round-oval. Cool, wet places.* 
2. C. pennsylvanica Muhl. Birrer Cress. Annual. Stem slender, 
erect, simple, or with a few slender branches, 6-15 in. tall. Leaves 
mostly in a cluster at the base of the stem, pinnately divided, the 
terminal lobe roundish, the lateral lobes narrower, somewhat hairy 
above ; stem leaves nearly linear. Flowers small. Petals white, longer 
than the sepals. Stamens 4. Pods linear, erect on erect pedicels, 
about 1 in. long; seeds oval. In wet places.* 
XI. ARABIS L. 
Annual or perennial herbs, smooth, or with forked or star- 
shaped hairs. Basal leaves spatulate; stem leaves sessile. 
Flowers usually white. Petals entire, usually with claws. 
Pods linear, flattened ; seeds often margined or winged. 
1. A. hirsuta Scop. A rough-hairy, erect, leafy-stemmed biennial, 
1-2 ft. high. Leaves simple; stem leaves oblong or lanceolate, entire 
or toothed, somewhat clasping, often with an arrow-shaped base. 
Flowers small, greenish-white, the petals somewhat longer than the 
sepals. Pods and pedicels upright. Style almost wanting. Seeds 
roundish, somewhat wing-margined. Rocks, N. 
