156 KEY AND FLORA 
I. PSEDERA Neck. (PARTHENOCISSUS) 
Woody vines, climbing by tendrils and rootlets. Leaves 
palmately compound. Flowers in compound cymes, perfect 
or somewhat moncecious. Petals 5, distinct, spreading; disk 
none. Stamens 5. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled. Fruit a 1-4- 
seeded berry, not edible.* 
1. P. quinquefolia Greene. Woopsink, VirGiIntA CREEPER. Stem 
smooth. Leaflets dull green, paler below; tendrils 5—-12-branched, 
most of the branches ending in disks which cling to supporting 
objects. Flowers panicled, the main branches of the cluster unequal. 
Fruit hardly fleshy. Thickets, common. 
2. P. vitacea Greene. Woopninr, VIRGINIA CREEPER. Stem 
smooth or slightly downy. Leaflets deep green above, not much 
paler below; tendrils 2—5-branched, the branches usually without 
disks at the tips. Flower cluster forking regularly, the main 
branches nearly equal. Fruit more fleshy than in No. 1. Moist 
woods and thickets in deep, rich soil; common. 
3. P. tricuspidata Rehder. JAPANESE Ivy, Boston Ivy. A freely 
branching, hardy climber. Tendrils numerous, branching with closely 
adhesive disks. Leaves occasionally with 3 leaflets, but usually with 
only one, which is jointed with the main petiole and in autumn falls 
before the petiole; leaflet 3-lobed or only scalloped, roundish-ovate or 
heart-shaped, rather thick and shining. Cultivated from Japan. 
II. VITIS L. 
Climbing woody vines. Stems with enlarged joints, climb- 
ing by tendrils opposite some of the leaves. Leaves simple, 
palmately veined or lobed; stipules small, soon deciduous. 
Flowers mostly somewhat moncecious or dimwcious. Petals 
often united at the apex and not expanding. Stamens in- 
serted between the lobes of the disk. Ovary usually 2-celled, 
4-ovuled. Fruit juicy, 1-4-seeded.* 
1. V. labrusca L. Fox Graps. Stems climbing high, often 1 ft. 
or more in diameter; bark shreddy, coming off in long strips; young 
branches woolly. Leaves broadly heart-shaped, more or less deeply 
3—5-lobed, mucronate-dentate, very woolly when young, becoming 
smooth above. Panicles of pistillate flowers compact, of staminate 
flowers looser. Fruit about } in. in diameter, dark purple or some- 
times nearly white. In rich woods E., 8. and S.W. Many of the 
cultivated varieties, such as Concord, Niagara, etc., have been devel- 
oped from this species.* 
