FIGWORT FAMILY 221 
VO. CASTILLEJA Mutis. 
Herbs parasitic on the roots of other plants. Leaves alter- 
nate ; the floral ones usually colored at the tip and more showy 
than the flowers. Flowers yellow or purplish in terminal leafy 
spikes. Calyx tubular, flattened, 2-4-cleft. Corolla tube in- 
cluded within the calyx; upper lip of the corolla very long, 
linear, arched, and inclosing the stamens, 2 of which are long 
and 2 short. Ovary many-ovuled. 
1. C. coccinea Sprengel. ScarLer PaInTED Cup, Paint BrusH, 
InpiAn Pink, Prairie Fire, WIcKAKEE. A hairy, simple-stemmed 
herb, annual or biennial. Root leaves clustered, obovate or oblong; 
stem leaves cut; floral leaves 3—5-cleft and bright scarlet (occasion- 
ally yellow) toward the tips, as though dipped in a scarlet dye. Calyx 
nearly as long as the pale yellow corolla, 2-cleft. The spikes are often 
very broad, making this one of the most conspicuous of our native 
flowers. Damp, sandy ground, or on bluffs near streams; sometimes 
in marshes. 
2. C. sessiliflora Pursh. Downy ParinTEp Cup. Perennial; stem 
leafy, 6-15 in. high, covered with ash-colored down. Lowest leaves 
linear and entire, upper ones usually deeply cleft into narrow seg- 
ments; floral leaves green, like the upper stem leaves. Calyx lobes 
more deeply cleft on the lower than on the upper side, linear-lanceo- 
late. Corolla yellowish, nearly 2 in. long; upper lip about twice the 
length of the lower one. On prairies W. and 8.W. 
VIII. PEDICULARIS L. 
Perennial herbs, with the lower leaves pinnately cut and 
the floral ones reduced to bracts. Flowers spiked. Corolla 
markedly 2-lipped; the upper lip much flattened laterally and 
arched, the lower lip spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 4, beneath 
the upper lip. Capsule 2-celled, tipped with an abrupt point, 
several-seeded. 
1. P. canadensis L. Common Lousewort. Hairy, with clustered 
simple stems, 1 ft. high or less. Leaves petioled, the lowermost ones 
pinnately parted, the others somewhat pinnately cut. Spike short, 
closely flowered, and leafy-bracted. Calyx split down the front. 
Corolla greenish-yellow and purplish, with its upper lip hood-like, 
curved under, and with 2 awl-like teeth near the end. Capsule flat, 
broadly sword-shaped. Knolls and openings among thickets. 
