234 KEY AND FLORA 
2. V. Opulus L., var. americanum. CRANBERRY TreEE, HiGH- 
Busu CRANBERRY. A handsome, upright shrub. Leaves 3-5-ribbed 
and 3-lobed. Fruit bright red, juicy, very acid, and used as a sub- 
stitute for cranberries. Common N. The form known as “snow- 
ball,” with all the flowers showy and sterile, is cultivated from Europe. 
B 
Flowers all small and bisexual. 
3. V. acerifolium L. Mapire-Lravep Arrowwoop. A slender 
shrub, 3-6 ft. high. Leaves broadly ovate to heart-shaped, palmately 
veined and 3-lobed, serrate or nearly entire, petioled, downy, becom- 
ing smooth above. Cymes peduncled, about 7-rayed, 2-3 in. wide; 
sterile flowers none. Fruit oval, black; stone flat, 2-ridged on the 
edges. In dry, open woods.* 
4. V. dentatum L. Arrowwoop. A shrub 8-15 ft. high. Leaves 
broadly ovate to oval, acute at the apex, rounded or heart-shaped 
at the base, coarsely dentate, smooth above, hairy in the axils of the 
veins beneath, short-petioled. Cymes long-peduncled, 7-rayed, 2-3 
in. wide; sterile flowers none. Calyx smooth. Fruit globose, dark 
blue ; stone compressed, grooved on one side. In rich, damp soil.* 
5. V. nudum L. Wirue-Rop. A shrub 8-12 ft. high. Leaves 
ovate to lanceolate, entire or slightly toothed, acute at both ends, 
thick, smooth above, the veins prominent beneath; petiole short. 
Cymes short-peduncled, 5-rayed; sterile flowers none. Fruit ovoid, 
blue. Common in swamps.* 
6. V. Lentago L. NANNYBERRY, SHEEPBERRY. A shrub or small 
tree, sometimes 30 ft. high. Leaves ovate, sharply serrate, taper- 
pointed, usually smooth on both sides. Flower clusters large com- 
pound cymes. Fruit oval, } in. or more long, bluish-black, with a 
bloom, eatable. In woods and on banks of streams. 
7. V. prunifolium L. Brack Haw. A small tree, 15-20 ft. high. 
Leaves oval to ovate, acute or obtuse at each end, finely and sharply 
serrate, smooth and shining above, often slightly downy beneath; 
petioles dilated and rusty-downy. Cymes sessile, large, 4-5-rayed; 
sterile flowers none. Fruit oval, bluish-black, eatable. In rich, moist 
woods.* 
VI. SAMBUCUS L. 
Shrubs with odd-pinnate leaves. Calyx limb minute or want- 
ing. Flowers very many, small, white, in compound cymes. 
Corolla with a small, somewhat urn-shaped tube, and a flattish, 
spreading, 5-cleft limb. Stamens 5. Stigmas 3, sessile. Fruit 
a globular, pulpy drupe, 3-seeded, appearing like a berry. 
