34 LIVE-STOCK JUDGING 



by ill health. Constitution is of greatest importance in 

 breeding, feeding and working animals. 



50. Temperament is the term by which the nature of 

 the nerve control over the functions in general is desig- 

 nated. There are two classes of temperaments, first, the 

 nervous, in which the nervous mechanism operates in such 

 a way as to cause the animal to manifest an active, snappy 

 manner, keenly alive to what is going on about him, 

 possessing unusual nerve force and even nervousness; 

 second, the lymphatic or phlegmatic, in which the nerve 

 factor is apparently less acute, movements being executed 

 more slowly, although preferably not in a dull, sluggish 

 manner, and there is a marked tendency to feed and rest 

 well with little inclination toward much activity or con- 

 cern. Temperament is a constitutional, not a mental, 

 feature. 



51. Disposition is the mental attitude of an animal, 

 independent of intelligence, and reflected by his cheerful, 

 willing, obedient responsiveness, or sour, crabbed rebel- 

 lion. Disposition is naturally of most importance in the 

 horse and dairy cow, animals in most intimate association 

 with the husbandman. 



52. Sex character is the evidence, other than the pres- 

 ence of the sex organs, of the one sex or the other. Mas- 

 culinity is evidenced by an extraordinary development of 

 the forehand or forequarters, the crest, the strength of the 

 face line, the hardness of feature, burliness, and the bold, 

 domineering manner, suggestive of the impressive sire. 

 Femininity, on the other hand, is expressed by the absence 

 of special development in the fore end, a lightness of 

 shoulder and neck, fineness of feature, and a sweet, 

 matronly expression and appearance. There is a correla- 

 tion between evidence of masculinity on the one hand and 



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