THE TYPES AND CLASSES 117 



big horse, yet not manifest coarseness or low breeding ; 

 a neck that has sufficient length and shape to fit a collar 

 well, though strong and muscular; broad, muscular 

 withers; a shoulder with as much length and slope as is 

 consistent with a short-legged, heavy-set horse ; a broad 

 muscular arm and fore arm ; a wide, deep knee affording 

 ample joint surface, the size of the horse considered; a 

 short, broad, flat, clean cannon bone ; a pastern of as much 

 length and slope as will support the weight of a draft horse 

 without sagging; a full, round, smooth coronet, elastic 

 cartilages ; and a foot that is large in proportion to the 

 size of the horse, of half-flat shape, so as to insure greatest 

 circumference and ground-gripping surface, yet strong in 

 the heels and bars, with an arched sole which shows no 

 tendency to drop or become too flat, as many draft horse feet 

 do, and of such dense, smooth horn as will insure against 

 the shelly, brittle hoofs to which draft horses are heir ; a 

 short, broad, straight back ; round, deep rib ; short, broad, 

 thick, level loin ; full flank ; smooth, short, strong coupling ; 

 long, level, broad and muscular croup; thick thigh and 

 stifle ; muscular gaskin ; broad, deep, smooth, straight, 

 clean-cut hock ; with the same sort of hind cannon, pastern 

 and foot as described for the front leg, the hind pasterns 

 of draft horses showing a marked tendency to be steep. 

 The legs should be set one under each corner, not on 

 each corner, giving the bull dog effect that is noticeable in 

 some very wide-fronted horses. The elbow should be in, 

 not out. The hocks cannot be expected to be very close 

 together in a horse that has much thickness of thigh, but 

 hocks that are wide apart are defective. The four legs 

 should line up straight from either side or end view. 



130. Quality in the draft horse. — While not contribut- 

 ing to power, it is essential that the draft horse should 



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