228 LIVE-STOCK JUDGING 



more substantial appearance, the cows weighing about 

 1000 and the bulls 1500 pounds ; their form is indicative 

 of dairy capacity, but is less symmetrical and refined and 

 shows greater variation than that of the Jersey. The head 

 is longer, with a comparatively straight face line, no dish, 

 although the orbits are raised with unusual prominence; 

 the muzzle is flesh or cream colored, a smutty appearance 

 not being permitted, and the horns are medium sized, 

 amber colored and symmetrically shaped. The skin 

 affords one of the most striking features of Guernsey 

 breed type in its rich, yellow color and the abundance of 

 its highly colored secretions. This color is manifested 

 wherever the skin is denuded of hair, as about the eyes, 

 under the tail, on the udder and teats and even in the 

 appendages of the skin, as the horns and the hoof, 

 which are also of the deep amber hue. Guernseys are 

 most commonly of a reddish fawn shade, broken by a 

 considerable amount of white, although solid colors of 

 other shades of fawn are not rare. The udder of the 

 Guernsey cow is of good ^ize, shape and texture with large 

 teats, and veins to correspond. The lack of uniformity 

 in shape already referred to in the description of the cows 

 is even more noticeable in their udders, fore udders 

 especially being deficient, with all four quarters cut up in 

 many individuals. 



242. The Holstein-Friesian. — This lowland race of 

 dairy cattle reflect in their great size, their open frame 

 and their enormous capacity both to consume and to 

 produce, the environment under which they have been 

 developed. 



They are much the largest of any of the dairy breeds 

 (Fig. 114), the cows weighing from 1200 to 1500 pounds 

 and the bulls 2000 pounds or over. They have a most ca- 



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