THE INHABITANTS OF THE CHA€0 43 



lower classes are chiefly of Indian blood, but with a 

 white admixture; while the upper classes are pre- 

 dominantly white, with a strong infusion of Indian. 

 There is no other case quite parallel to this in the 

 annals of European colonization, although the Goanese 

 in India have a native tongue and a Portuguese creed, 

 while in several of the Spanish- American states the 

 Indian blood is dominant, and the majority of the popu- 

 lation speak an Indian tongue, perhaps itself, as with the 

 Quichuas, once a culture -tongue of the archaic type. 

 Whether in Paraguay one tongue will ultimately drive 

 out the other, and, if so, which will be the victor, it is 

 yet too early to prophesy. The English missionaries 

 and the Bible Society have recently published parts of 

 the Scriptures in Guarany ; and in Asuncion a daily 

 paper is published with the text in parallel columns — 

 Spanish and Guaran^ — just as in Oklahoma there is 

 a similar paper published in English and in the tongue 

 which the extraordinary Cherokee chief Sequoia, a 

 veritable Cadmus, made a literary language. 



The Guaran^-speaking Paraguayan is a Christian, and 

 as much an inheritor of our common culture as most of 

 the peasant populations of Europe. He has no kinship 

 with the wild Indian, who hates and fears him. The 

 Indian of the Chaco, a pure savage, a bow-bearing 

 savage, will never come east of the Paraguay, and the 

 Paraguayan is only beginning to venture into the 

 western interior, away from the banks of the river — 

 under the lead of pioneer settlers like Rickard, whom, 

 by the way, the wild Indians thoroughly trust, and for 

 whom they work eagerly and faithfully. There is a 

 great development ahead for Paraguay, as soon as they 

 can definitely shake off the revolutionary habit and 

 establish an orderly permanence of government. The 



