1917.] 



Chapman, Distribution of Bird-life in Colombia. 



149 



Pheugopedius spadix 



" mystacalis mystacalis ' 



Henicorhina prostheleuca eucharis 

 Leucolepis dichrous ^ 

 Planesticus fuscobrunneus ' 

 Saltator atripennis atripennis 

 Lysurus castaneiceps 

 Atlapetes latinuchus latinuchus 



" crassus 

 Diglossa cryptorhis 

 Chlorochrysa phoeniootis 



" nitidissima ^ 



Tangara rufigula 



" aunilenta occidentalis ' 



" icterocephalus 



Tangara gyxoloides bangsi 

 Iridosornis porphyrocephala ^ 

 Buthraupis cucuUata cucullata 



" edwardsi 



" melanochlamys 



" aureocincta 



Compsoooma somptuosa cyanoptera 



" notabilis 



PhoBnicothraupis cristata 

 Chlorospingus flavigularis marginatus 



" • semifuscus 

 Oreothraupis arremonops 

 Ostinops salmoni ^ 

 Cyanolyoa pulohra 



The East Andean Subtropical Fauna. — The Subtropical Zone in the 

 Eastern Andes, like the Tropical Zone at their eastern base, is merely a part 

 of, a much larger region. Our work in Colombia, therefore, can be con- 

 sidered merely as a contribution to the general subject. Even with this 

 limitation it must be confessed that our explorations covered so small a 

 part of the range that we are sadly lacking in detailed information concern- 

 ing its altitude, the distribution of its forests, and its bird-life. 



Miller's section across the Eastern Andes from the upper Magdalena 

 Valley to the Caqueta region (see Expedition No. 5) showed, as has been 

 elsewhere stated, that the Andalucia Pass has an altitude of only 7000 feet, 

 and that both slopes of the range are here forested, the western down to an 

 altitude of 3000 feet, the eastern continuously. In other words, at this 

 point, the Subtropical Zone occupies both eastern and western slopes as 

 well as the crest of the range. It is at this point, and possibly also further 

 south, that the subtropical life of the Amazonian slopes of the Andes enters 

 the upper Magdalena and thus gains access to the Central Andes. The 

 Subtropical Zone evidently extends nearly to the northern end of the Eastern 

 Andes in Colombia, where Cerro Piatado has an elevation of about 8600 feet. 

 Here it is separated ]^om the Santa Marta group by the valley of the Rio 

 Cesar. The zoological as well as geological evidence indicates that there 

 has been no connection between these mountains, and the Santa Martan 

 portion of the Subtropical Zone should doubtless rank as a faunal area. 



It is also probable that the Venezuelan branch of the Subtropical Zone 

 is deserving of recognition as a distinct faunal area, though it has close 

 relations with the East Andean Fauna of Colombia. 



1 Found also on the western slope of the Central Andes. 



2 Found also on both slopes of the Central Andes. 



