1917.] Chapman, Distribution of Bird-life in Colombia. 497 



described as aurea though none is qioite as richly colored as the type and 

 topotype from Salento in the Central Andes. To this race should also be 

 referred the specimens collected by Richardson at Zamora in southeastern 

 Ecuador. It is more than probable, therefore, that specimens from north- 

 ern Peru also agree with these Ecuadorian birds when, if the name peru- 

 viana is based on the bird of this part of Peru, aurea would become a pure 

 synonym of it. Examination, however, of the descriptions and particu- 

 larly plate (PI. Enl. 745) on which Latham (Index Orn. II, p. 555) based 

 his name peruviana, shows that it is applicable to the bird in which the ex- 

 posed surfaces of the tertials are wholly gray, as they are in sanguinolenta, 

 whereas in not one specimen of the very large number of males which I 

 have seen from Ecuador and Colombia does this condition occur, all having 

 the gray of the tertials so restricted that the subapical black area is visible 

 beyond the gray tip of the overlying feather. This is a definite and con- 

 stant character and aside from differences in intensity of the orange areas, 

 clearly separates the birds of Ecuador and Colombia from those of at least 

 southern Peru to which BufFon's plate apparently makes the name peruviana 

 applicable. 



Peruvian specimens from Inca Mine, Rio Inambari, Machu Picchu and 

 Rio Cosirem north of the last-named locality agree and differ from the 

 Colombian bird as described above, but agree with Bolivian specimens 

 from Locotal. If the Peruvian birds represent true peruviana, Rupicola 

 saturata Cab. & Hein. evidently becomes a synonym of it. 



Salento, 4; La Palma, 9; Andalucia, 1; near San Agustin, 15; Buena 

 Vista, 2; Barrigon, 1. 



(3272) Rupicola peruviana sanguinolenta Gould. 



Rupicola sanguinolenta Gould, P. Z. S., 1859, p. 99 ("Quito"); Scl. & Salv., 

 P. Z. S., 1879, p. 519 (Concordia; Frontino). 



Evidently restricted to the Subtropical Zone of the Western Andes. 

 It is rare in the mountains above Call but apparently more common in less 

 frequented regions. Our specimens agree with others from Gualea, Ecuador, 

 which may be considered topotypical. In the Cauca region one may look 

 across the Cauca Valley from the home of sanguinolenta, in the Western 

 Andes, to that of aurea in the Central Andes, but the birds are more unlike 

 here than are Boli^dan specimens from West Andean specimens. In other 

 words the form of peruviana nearest sanguinolenta is the one. which, geo- 

 graphically, is farthest removed from it. 



Novita Trail (6000 ft.), I; San Antonio, 1; Munchique, (7000 ft.), 1; 

 La Florida, 4; Gallera, 1; Cocal, 4. 



