56 S. GOTO. 



Though I have not actually observed it, a number of these efferent 

 ducts seem to unite into one on entering the wall of the pharynx at 

 its posterior part ; and they finally- open into its cavity at the top of 

 the papillae .already mentioned. That two or more ducts unite 

 together I infer from, two facts, viz. (1) that while only one duct 

 opens at the top of each papilla the total number of these papillae is 

 far less than that of the glandular cells, and (2) that the efferent ducts 

 in -the wall of the pharynx are very much larger than those of the 

 single cells. Sometimes also, a portion of the duct is swollen into 

 a reservoir which may present a vacuolated appearance (PI. XXIV, 

 fig, 12).' Moreover, the granules seem to disappear on entering 

 the ducts of the pharynx, and to he • agglomerated into a con- 

 tinuous mass ; for the contents of these ducts do not present any 

 structure, but consist of a deeply stained substance which has all the 

 appearance of a mucous secretory product. Braun'^ states that in 

 these glandular pharynges, such as we find in Tristomum, the pharyn- 

 geal cells or those large cells with a finely granular protoplasm seem 

 to be absent ; but although I have found them very few, they do not 

 seem to be entirely absent (PI. XXIII, fig. 4). At the same time it 

 shotild be remarked, however, that I have failed to recognise the 

 terminal cells of the excretory system, which are stated by Braun to 

 be present in the pharynx. 



The cavity of the pharynx leads into the oesophagus. This is in 

 most species simple and tubular in form ; but in some species, as in 

 Axine heterocerca, Microcotijle reticulata, and Hexacotyle, it sends out 

 lateral branches on both sides, the ends of which are in M. reticulata 

 all connected together by a longitudinal branch of the intestine (PI. 

 Ill, fig. 2). In most species of Microcotijle, and in Octocotyle, Hexaco- 

 tyle, and Onchocotyle it is somewhat long ; but in all the other species 



1). Biauu — I. e. p. 450. 



