Buphorbia] cxv. euphorbiace^. 947 



LoANDA. — A tree, 15 to 45 ft. high, and more, in the form of a 

 candelabrum, constituting dense forests in dry, hilly, maritime, and 

 rooky places, but sometimes solitary ; trunk straight, 1 to 2^ ft. in 

 diameter ; bark cracked ; branches subverticillate, ascending-arching ; 

 branchlets verticillate ; trunk and branches 3- to 8-angled ; branchlets 

 mostly trigonous ; flowers red, very crowded, as well as the whole 

 plant much abounding in milk. Plentiful ; fl. July and Aug. 1858. 

 Around Caouaco, where it grew in company with Lissochilus calopterus 

 Reichenb. f ., it was usually more than 50 ft. high, with a stem 2J ft. 

 in diameter ; beginning of Jan. 1854 ; near Mutollo, 23 July 1854 ; 

 Loanda, 17 June 1858. A characteristic tree, producing a very fine 

 efeeot. No. 641. 



Stakes cut from this tree and planted easily take root and grow 

 quickly ; they are thus used by the negroes for making fences around 

 their dwellings. 



The lichens n. 211, Tremotylium angolense Nyl., n. 164, Lecidea 

 episemoides Nyl., and n. 399 (?) Opegraphia graphidiza Nyl., also n. 189, 

 grew on the old trunks of this tree : see Nylander, Lich. Angol. Welw. 

 pp. 8, 10, 12 (1869) ; lichen nn. 320, 414, 413, 399, 398, 328, and 350 

 at Boa Vista. BarUria salicifolia S. Moore, Welw. herb. no. 5119, 

 grew in little woods composed of Euphorbia, probably this species, 

 about Libongo. 



It is doubtful whether this is the same species as E. Candelabrum, 

 Tremeau ex Kotschy, Allgem. Ueberbl. Nilland. p. 13 (1857) in Mitth. 

 Geograph. Gesellsch. Wien., Jahrg. i. Heft ii. p. 169 ; Kotschy, Umr. 

 Uferl. Weiss. Nil, p. 23 (1858) in Mitth., I.e., Jahrg. ii. Heft i. p. 92 ; 

 Boiss. in DC, he, p. 84 ; Petherick, Trav. Centr. Afr. 1. p. 308 (1869). 

 It is probably the gigantic Euphorbia mentioned by Welwitsch in 

 Proceed. Linn. Soc. ii. p. 328 (1854) as forming woods at Loanda, 

 just as Pinus st/lvestris does with us, and readily discernible even from 

 shipboard. 



The following Nos. perhaps belong to this species of 

 Welwitsch : — 



PuNGO Andongo. — A little tree 10 to 12 ft. high, or rarely 15 ft. ; 

 trunk straight, subcylindrical, 3 to 4 in. in diameter, hard-woody, 

 spiny-tuberoulate ; branches and branchlets spreading-ascending, 3- or 

 rarely d-winged, glaucous-greenish, leafless. By rocks near Mangue 

 and Candumba, plentiful ; without fl. March 1857. No. 6416. A 

 tree of 12 to 15 ft., candelabriform, with acutely trigonous ascending 

 branches and branchlets. By schist rocks in wooded places near 

 Mangue on the road leading to Candumba ; without fl. March 1857. 

 No. 637. 



Bumbo. — A tree, 20 to 40 ft. high ; trunk straight, cylindrical, 

 much blanched towards the apex, with the bark cracked as in Pieea ; 

 branches suberect, as well as the branchlets triquetrous and glaucous ; 

 spines purple, venomous or certainly suspected. In the rather dense 

 rocky primitive forests of Serra de Xella ; without fl. June 1860. 

 Only one specimen. No. 636. 



GoLtTNGO Alto. — Arborescent. At Bango ; fl. only 7 and 8 Sept. 

 1855. Local name " Quisoma." Coll. Cakp. 932. 



" Insomma " is the name of an arborescent Euphorbia, which grew 

 on the banks of the Zenga, and is probably another form of the name 

 " Quisoma." A tree Euphorbia, to which Welwitsch referred by the 

 name of " Quisoma " in his diary of 6 Sept. 1857, occurred at Fnnda 

 in the district of Icolo e Bengo. It occurred also in the Libongo 

 district in company with Acacia Welviitschii Oliv., ante, p. 310. 



