So FRUIT CULTURE. 



give clean culture wherever the land is suitable. 

 But it remains an important question to decide 

 by trial whether the many waste and rocky 

 slopes may be profitably utilized by planting 

 with apple trees, with no attempt at regularity, 

 or purpose to cultivate with the plough. 



FERTILIZERS. 



It is true economy to bring the land into good 

 heart at the time of planting, as the work can 

 be done at less expense than afterwards, and the 

 benefits resulting will be immediate and perma- 

 nent. If the spot has a fair quality of loam, an 

 addition of stable manure at the rate of ten cords 

 to the acre may be worked in at the last light 

 ploughing. It is wasteful to bury it too deeply. 



It has been a prevailing custom among mar- 

 ket gardeners and large cultivators to spread 

 stable manure broadcast as it is freshly made, 

 before heating, or " rotting " as it is called. 

 The theory has been that it is then at its full 

 strength, and that the earth is such a powerful 

 absorbent that there is comparatively no loss 

 of strength, if it is lightly worked in with a 

 plough or cxiltivator. It has been even claimed 

 that it was better to apply it fresh, though it 

 involved a full exposure on the surface, as 

 there would be no loss by fermentation, and 



