1 3 6 VETERINARY OBSTETRICS. 



died, great pain, groaning, and after a short time there- 

 are well marked signs of septicaemia; death not infre- 

 quently takes place within twenty-four hours. 



Treatment. — Similar to that for purulent inflamma- 

 tion. Care should be taken to prevent transmission by 

 the shepherd. Disinfectant injections are generally 

 too late and without effect in this form. Early incisioa 

 into the necrotic parts and disinfection. If the process, 

 has made much progress, even this treatment seldom 

 suffices, and the animal's life can only be saved by 

 amputation of the diseased portion. 



Stenosis and Occlusion of the Mammary Duct. 



In Cows, there is only one opening, at which point, 

 the skin is reflected to cover the lower end of the duct. 

 At the upper end of this canal, which is from three- 

 sixteenths to one-quarter of an inch in length, the 

 mucous membrane begins, and lines the galactophorous 

 sinuses up to their termination. At a point where the 

 skin becomes continuous with the mucous membrane, 

 i. e., about three-eighths of an inch above the end of 

 the teat, lies the valve, which, like the greater part of 

 the teat, consists of muscular fibres. 



Stenosis of the mammary duct in the Cow results, 

 either from proliferation of the well developed epithel- 

 ium lining it, or from contraction of cicatricial tissue. 

 The former of these conditions occurs while the animal, 

 is "dry," and stenosis only appears after next calving. 

 Occlusion of the duct is sometimes congenital in Cows 

 (Furstenberg), or results from inflammation at the lower 

 end of the teat. Diseases of the skin, injuries, cow-- 





