DISEASES OF THE MAMMARY GLANDS. 1 37 



pox, aphtha, etc., may cause adhesion and obliteration 

 of the opening of the duct and of a considerable portion 

 of its length. 



In the upper sections, tumor formation occurs, and 

 sometimes folds of mucous membrane fall into the 

 lumen of the duct and produce closure. More fre- 

 quently chronic inflammation, occurring during mastitis, 

 causes stenosis or complete closure. Finally, the 

 mammary duct and lower portion of the galactophorous, 

 sinuses may grow together. 



Treatment. — Repeated introduction of bougies, or 

 the use of small trocar. Division of the duct or amputa- 

 tion of the end of the teat. Where there is closure 

 of the upper parts of the teat by indurated masses 

 of tissue, a passage may be made by passing a 

 thin trocar, the canula being left in position for some 

 time, so as to prevent adhesion, whilst the milk is 

 prevented flowing away by stopping the canula with a 



cork. 



Mastitis Clironica. 



CHRONIC INFLAMMATION OF THE UDDER. 



Chronic inflammatory processes often result from 

 acute diseases, and may give rise to localized induration,. 

 or to diffuse proliferation of the Interstitial connective, 

 tissue. The latter are generally produced by bacteria,, 

 especially by tubercle bacilli, actinomyces, and other 

 organisms. Sand discovered botryomycosis of the 

 udder in a Mare. Tubercular enlargements of the 

 mammary gland are commonest in Cows, and princi.. 

 pally affect the posterior quarters, being rare in thft 

 anterior (Bang). 



