DISEASES AND ABNORMALITIES. 



M5 



Umbilical Hemorrhage. 



This condition is not very often seen. It ensues 

 immediately after birth, rarely after some days. 



In the Foal, bleeding may be from the artery, that 

 A^essel being firmly attached, to the umbilical ring. In 

 ruminants, the hemorrhage is from the vein, because of 

 the existence of the ductus Aranzi, and the retraction 

 of the artery within the abdomen. 



Causes. — Cutting the cord off too close to the 

 umbilicus, or laceration of the vessels during difficult 

 parturition. The cord may bleed when torn across 

 naturally, due to sucking at the remains by the mother, 

 the young one itself, or some other animal. 



Treatment. — If the cord is short, apply astringents 

 or styptics, or even caustics. Should the cord be 

 isufificiently long, it is better to ligate it. The precau- 

 tion necessary here, is to see that the ligature does not 

 include a portion of intestine. Should there be infiltra- 

 tion, get rid of it as much as possible before applying 

 the liofature. 



If much blood has been lost, it may be necessary 

 to resort to the transfusion of blood, or of common salt 

 :solution, into the umbilical vein. 



Persistent Urachus, 



During foetal life the urachus is the tube through 

 -which urine passes from the urinary bladder of the 

 foetus into the allantoid cavity. After birth this canal 

 is obliterated, its walls becoming like a thin cord ; the 

 bladder is retracted within the pelvic cavity, the urine 

 then passing through the urethra. It sometimes happens 



