J .5 VETERINARY OBSTETRICS. 



that through accident, or malformation, it may be oni/ 

 partially closed, the urine continuing to escape from, 

 the umbilical opening or cord. 



Seen oftener in Solipeds than in Ruminants, owing 

 to the urachus, — like the umbilical artery of the former, 

 — being firmly attached to the umbilical ring, and 

 consequently not immediately withdrawn into the 

 abdominal cavity. It is said to be of more frequent 

 occurrence in males than in females, and more serious. 

 in the former. 



Treatment. — If interference is necessary, ascertain 

 if the urethra is pervious. If part of the umbilicus 

 remains, ligate it and allow the whole to slough. 

 .Should the urachus protrude separately, ligate it. If 

 the urachus is covered by skin, it must be secured by 

 passing a curved needle through the skin and above the 

 duct, and tying the ends. A cantharidin blister, or the 

 cautery iron, will often close the orifice. 



Umbilical Hernia. 



(Omphalocele, Exomphalos). . 



This condition is, frequently observed in youngs 

 animals ; more often in Foals and Puppies than in. 

 Calves, Pigs and Lambs. The hernia may appear at 

 birth or some time after, and, if proper measures are 

 not adopted for its reduction, may continue during the 

 life of the animal. By union of the visceral plates in 

 the linea alba, the abdomen closes during uterine life 

 as far as the annulus umbilicalis, which remains open 

 for the umbilical cord, and after birth ceases to exist 

 on account of obliteration of these vessels. In new- 



