DISEASES AND ABNORMALITIES. i - j 



Arthritis. 



This disease occurs in young animals soon after 

 birth. Roloff has observed pyaemic arthritis in the 

 Foal, the Calf, and the Lamb. It is much less 

 frequently seen in Puppies and Pigs. 



Modern researches, especially those of Bollinger, 

 have led us to recognize : (i) Pyaemic arthritis, which 

 is the most frequent form (Bollinger); it is consequent 

 upon septic infection starting from the umbilical region. 

 (2) Fatty degeneration of the red muscles, observed 

 especially in young Pigs. (3) Acute articular rheuma- 

 tism. (4) Acute or chronic muscular rheumatism. (5) 

 Rachitis of young Pigs. (6) Tetanus and cerebro- 

 spinal meningitis in Lambs. (7) Consumption (Darr- 

 sucht), a disease of young horses which is probably only 

 an intestinal or ganglionic (mesenteric) tuberculosis (?). 

 (8) Various other affections of sucklings, such as 

 intestinal catarrh, pleuro-pneumonia, general weakness 

 of the extensors of the limbs with contraction of the 

 flexors (Colt, Dog). 



Causes. — Pyaemic arthritis is due to the introduction 

 into the blood of putrid matter coming from the 

 suppuration of the thrombus of the umbilical vein. 

 The starting point of the morbid processes is infection 

 of the umbilical wound by the products of putrid 

 •decomposition otten to be found in the unclean stable, 

 the lambing pen, etc. The disease sometimes runs an 

 enzootic course in flocks and stud farms, where it occa- 

 sions considerable loss. 



Pathological Anatomy. — Besides the changes already 



