20 



MANURES FOR FRUIT TREES 



The following table gives the acreage of fruit 

 growing in a few counties in England : — 



The " soil " is defined as the earthy matter 

 which is found on the surface of the land. It 

 consists of two distinct layers, the surface soil and 

 the subsoil, and under the latter is the rock whose 

 weathering or decay produces the soil — the change 

 being due to the action of water, air, and other 

 agencies.^ 



Certain soils are directly produced from the 

 underlying rock {i.e., the thin soil [some only three 

 inches deep] on the chalk of the Wiltshire Downs), 

 there being no subsoil. When a soil is formed, it 



' Bacteria, earthworms, etc. 



