98 



MANURES FOR FRUIT TREES 



One ton of elder extracts 16 lbs. of mineral 

 matter from the soil. 



The small whitish flowers are arranged in 

 unbellate cymes, and produce globular berries of a 

 dark purple colour when ripe. The fruit yields 

 the home-made wine (elder-berry wine), and the 

 flowers yield the elder-flower water (aqua sambuci, 

 eau de sureau) of the B.P. The latter prepara- 

 tion is made by distilling either the fresh or 

 preserved flowers with water. The flowers yield 

 about 0'3 per cent, of a volatile oil (a mixture of a 

 parafiin and a terpene). 



Elm {Ulmus campestris, Natural Order, 

 Ulmacese) is a hardy deciduous tree. It grows in 

 ordinary soils. It is a picturesque tree with broad 

 leaves and drooping boughs. 



" Thou drooping elm ! beneath whose boughs I lay, 

 And frequent mused the twilight hours away ; 



How do thy branches, moaning to the blast. 

 Invite the bosom to recall the past." — Byron. 



