1 8 Condensed Milk and Milk Powder 



polluted water. Frequently, while the milk is condensing, the vac- 

 uum pump accidentally stops. If the processer fails to immediately 

 shut off the water supplying the condenser, water will pour back 

 from the condenser into the milk in the vacuum pan. In the case 

 of filthy, polluted water, the entire batch may be ruined. Again, 

 the pan is usually rinsed between batches, and, if the water used is 

 unclean, it will contaminate the milk of the succeeding batch. Fin- 

 ally, when the heavy 40-quart cans filled with condensed milk are 

 set into the cooling tank, water frequently splashes over into the 

 cans. Here again, the quality of the condensed milk is jeopardized, 

 unless the water -used is pure. 



The waiter must be cold. The colder the water, the more sat- 

 isfactory is the operation of the vacuum pan. If the temperature 

 of the water used in the condenser rises much above 65 degrees F. 

 the process of condensing becomes difficult. Cold water is essential, 

 also, for the prompt and proper cooling of the unsweetened con- 

 densed milk. 



Transportation Facilities. — It is essential that the factory have 

 access to one or more railway lines. 



While, for reasons discussed under "Milk Supply," it is not 

 advisable to erect a factory in too close proximity to large consum- 

 ing or railway centers, it is equally undesirable to choose a conden- 

 sery site where transportation facilities are poor. 



Where access to one railroad only can be had, the factory is 

 at the mercy of that road. Experience has shown that monopoly 

 of transportation usually means a low standard of efficiency of 

 service and high freight rates. On the other hand, competition in- 

 volves a struggle for the survival of the fittest, and it offers the 

 public all the inducements that business ingenuity and enterprise 

 can produce. Where two or more transportation companies are 

 after the business of the same manufacturing concern, they will 

 generally leave nothing undone in the way of accommodations and 

 low rates to please the manufacturer. The result is that the man- 

 ufacturer enjoys the advantages of efficient service, good accom- 

 modations and reasonable freight rates. 



