Condensed Milk and Milk Powder 19 



This is a factor which the condensery cannot afford to over- 

 look, as the freight charges are a very conspicuous item in the ex- 

 pense account of the milk condensing business. A part of the 

 fresh milk may have to be shipped to the factory by rail, all the 

 finished product must leave the factory by rail and the condensery 

 is dependent on the railway for its raw materials and supplies, such 

 as sugar, tinplate, solder, box shooks, barrels, labels, oil, rosin, gas- 

 oline, coal, etc. Prompt and efficient transportation is essential. 

 Undue delays may cause the condensery serious inconvenience and 

 loss, and may result in the cancelling, of important orders. 



Other Conditions. — The removal of the sewage of the factory 

 is important. It may be possible for the factory to connect with 

 the town or city sewer, in which case the problem is easily solved. 

 Where this is not possible, a site along a creek, river, pond or lake 

 may offer effective means to take care of the condensery sewage. 

 Where no such natural depository is available, the elevation of the 

 site should be sufficient to carry off the sewage far enough from 

 the factory to insure the plant against foul odors and unsanitary 

 conditions. In the absence of all of these avenues for the disposal 

 of the sewage, a properly laid-out system of septic tanks with effi- 

 cient filter beds may serve the purpose. 



Where possible, it is advisable to take advantage of hillsides, 

 affording natural means to arrange and operate the factory on the 

 gravity plan. 



BUILDING AND EQUIPMENT 



Material of Construction. — Since the establishment of a milk 

 condensing factory involves the investment of considerable capital, 

 those willing to invest must have faith in the permanency of the 

 business. For a permanent business, a building substantially con- 

 structed is the most economical. Most of the factories belonging to 

 the most reputable concerns are built very substantially. However, 

 there are in this country condensing factories, in the construction 

 of which, cheapness was the governing factor. Many of these cheap 

 factories are the work of unscrupulous promoters whose ambition 

 it is, to convince men of wealth or farming communities of the "enor- 

 mous" profits possible in the manufacture of condensed milk, and 

 to induce them to invest large sums of money in the condensed milk 



