Condensed Miek and Miek Powder 177 



yellow, creamy color. Frequently, this color limit is overstepped 

 to the extent of imparting to the evaporated milk a brown color, 

 suggesting coffee with milk in it. In this condition evaporated milk 

 fails to appeal to the consumer. 



Causes and Prevention. — The dark color in evaporated milk 

 is due to the oxidizing action of excessive heat on the milk sugar, 

 causing the milk sugar to caramelize. This can be avoided by re- 

 ducing the sterilizing temperature, or shortening the sterilizing 

 process,. or both. The storing of evaporated milk at high temper- 

 atures (summer heat) also tends to deepen its color with age. 



Gritty Plain Condensed Bulk Milk 



General Description. — Grittiness in the unsweetened goods 

 appears usually only in the plain condensed bulk milk. It is a 

 defect which renders the product undesirable for ice cream making. 



Causes ,and Prevention. — The chief cause of this defect is 

 too great concentration. Plain condensed bulk milk which is, not 

 condensed over 3.5 parts of fresh milk to 1 part of condensed milk 

 does not become gritty. When the concentration exceeds 4:1, the 

 milk sugar begins to crystallize out, making the product gritty. 

 Milk sugar requires about six times its weight of water for com- 

 plete solution in cold water. When condensed at the ratio of 4:1 

 or over, the plain condensed bulk milk contains considerably less 

 than five parts, by weight, of water to one part of milk sugar. This 

 high concentration, together with the practice of storing this product 

 at refrigerating temperatures in order to preserve it, is responsible 

 for the grittiness. This trouble can, therefore, easily be prevented 

 by not condensing to quite as high a degree of concentration. 



CHAPTER XXV 

 ADULTERATIONS OF CONDENSED MILK 



It is the sense of the Federal Pure Food Act that the addition 

 to condensed milk of any substance except sucrose, and the ab- 

 straction of any substance from milk except water, is an adulter- 

 ation. 



Skimming. — Condensed milk made from partly or wholly 

 skimmed milk must be labeled and sold as condensed skimmed milk 



