64 SCHOOL AND HOME GARDENS 
kind or by hedges of privet, lilac, barberry, Japanese 
quince, or some other plant that grows well in the locality. 
If the front yard is large, it may be well to plant a 
tree near the center or in some convenient place where 
it will be in harmony with the general landscape. For 
this purpose the Ginkgo, or maidenhair tree, the Norway 
maple, Japanese maple, horse-chestnut, and the purple 
and copper beech are very satisfactory. 
For ornamenting the lawn itself, selection may be 
made from the numerous varieties of spirea, lilac, hibis- 
cus, magnolia, hydrangea, and other shrubs adapted to 
the climate. They may be used either singly or in clumps. 
Although it must be borne in mind that grass is the 
most prominent feature of the lawn, trees and shrubbery 
are placed there for the purpose of giving an artistic 
effect to the whole. 
If it is necessary to have a back-yard fence. palings 
should be used, for they are well adapted to support 
Virginia creepers or other climbing plants. 
Buildings constructed of brick or stone may have their 
appearance improved by hardy climbing vines. The 
Boston ivy is excellent for this purpose. 
Large trees should be planted to protect the south 
and west windows from the hot sun, as well as to pro- 
vide shade for the back yard. Arrange trees there irreg- 
ularly and on the border as far as possible. If there is 
to be a garden or an orchard, large trees must be kept 
out of the way and fruit trees planted instead of the 
regular shade trees. 
