PLANTING SHRUBS AND TREES 145 
that plenty of loose soil is shaken in among the roots. 
Tread the soil firmly on this layer; then add another 
layer, and another, until all of the stock is disposed of. 
Cover with a mound of earth. Small trenches must be 
dug on each side to drain off surface water. 
Preparing the soil. The same precaution taken in pre- 
paring soil for lawns is necessary for success in growing 
shrubbery and trees. Spade the soil to a depth of twelve 
inches, working in at least two inches of well-rotted 
barnyard manure. Use a garden line to make all edges 
straight. The turf must be cut carefully along the sides, 
so that the lawn will not have a ragged appearance 
after spading. 
Setting shrubs and trees in rows. Stretch a garden 
line parallel to the line in which the shrubs or trees are 
to stand, and two feet away from it, so that it will not 
be in the way when planting. The holes can then be 
made and the shrubs or trees put in place by measuring 
with a ruler the distance that each must be from the line. 
How to plant shrubs and trees. Make a hole large 
enough to receive all the roots without bending. Trees 
should be set two inches deeper than they stood in the 
nursery. Plant small shrubs about the same depth that 
they had in the nursery. 
After all bruised and broken roots have been removed, 
dip the bunch of roots in thm mud prepared by stirring 
rich soil into a pail of water. Set the plant so that it 
will be in line and fill in the hole with fine, moist earth. 
Make the soil firm around the roots with the hand. 
