1 2 Veterinary Medicine. 



With regard to localization of cerebral lesions, Sequin thinks 

 emotions are probably generated in the basal ganglia such as 

 those of the pons and thalami, while inhibition depends on the 

 anterior cerebral cortical convolutions. 



DIAGNOSIS, SYMPTOMS AND THEIR IMMEDIATE 



CAUSES. I.OCAI.IZATION OF I^ESION IN 



SPECIAI. SYMPTOMS. 



Spasm, pain, numbness — irritation. Paresis, paralysis, anaesthesia (con- 

 stant), destructive lesions. Both combined — variable symptoms, recurrent. 

 Definite, fixed symptoms — structural lesions, usually progressive. Symp- 

 toms, variable as to place, time, subsidence and recurrence — functional 

 lesions. Brain lesions. Pressure on brain — pain, spasm, nausea, dullness, 

 blindness, stupor, coma, palsy. Congestion and anaemia synchronous. 

 Lesions of cortex. Bncephalic lesions — hemiplegia, with spasms, increased 

 reflexes, spasms follow cranial nerves, vertigo, apoplexy, epilepsy, dementia, 

 coma, little muscular atrophy, or dermal sloughing. Spinal lesions, para- 

 plegia, without spasm, reflex reduced or nil, follow spinal nerves, head 

 symptoms less, much muscular atrophy, bed sores. Sensory and motor 

 tracts, in crus cerebri, respiratory centres — inspiratory, expiratory, inhibi- 

 tion. Salivation, sneezing, coughing, sucking, chewing, swallowing, vomit- 

 ing. Cardiac centres, accelerating and inhibitory. Vasomotor centre. 

 Spasm centre. Perspiratory centre. Pons. Corpora quadrigemini, crura 

 cerebri. Thalamus, corpus striatum. Cerebellum. Cerebral cortex : in 

 ass ; in dog. Spinal lesions : lateral half section : central anteroposterior, 

 vertical section ; superior columns ; inferior columns ; cervical lateral 

 columns ; respiratory tract ; glycogenic centre ; pupillary dilator ; cardiac 

 accelerator ; vasomotor, sudoriparous ; centre for anal sphincter ; for vesi- 

 cal sphincter ; genital centre ; vaso-motor and trophic centres ; muscular 

 sense tract ; superior column and GoU's. Table of phenomena from cord 

 lesions. 



In Irritation of nervous organs the symptoins (spasm, pain, 

 numbness) are usually intermittent. 



In Destructive Lesions of nervous organs the symptoms, 

 (paresis, paralysis, anaesthesia) are usually constant. 



When irritation and destruction are associated the symp- 

 toms are variable and frequent. The characteristic symptoms of 

 the two may coexist or succeed each other. 



Structural Nervous Lesions have symptoms that are definite 



