14 Veterinary Medicine. 



Spinal : Paraplegic grouping of symptoms. 



Encephalic: Frequent contracture or spasms of paretic 

 muscles. 



Spinal : Paralysis more perfect and continuous. 



Encephalic : Reflexes in affected muscles increased : Cerebral 

 inhibition absent. 



Spinal : Reflex abolished or reduced in parts the seat of the 

 lesion. 



Encephalic : Spasms in areas of distribution of cranial nerves 

 (not spinal. ) 



Spinal : Spasms and paralysis follow distribution of spinal 

 nerves. 



Encephalic : Head symptoms frequent (vertigo, apoplexy, 

 epilepsy, dementia, coma). 



Spinal : Relative absence of head symptoms. ' 



Encephalic : Comparative absence of marked muscle atrophy. 



Spinal : Atrophy in special muscular groups. 



Encephalic : I,ittle tendency to form bed sores. 



Spinal : Tendency to form sloughs and bed sores. 



Sensory (.ffisthesodic) and Motor (Kinesodic) Tracts in 



Encephalon. 



In the crus and above, the sensory tract lies dorso-laterad of the 

 motor tract, forming about one-fifth of the crus, and extending 

 upward through a white layer bending ihward to form an angle 

 and finally diverging to the different cortical convolutions. The 

 motor tract is mainly contained in the inferior pyramids of the 

 bulb, and constitutes the median two fifths and basal two fifths of 

 the crus. Without entering farther into this subject it will be 

 observed that lesions of the outer layer of the crus and its radi- 

 ating fibres may cause hemiansesthesia of body or head, includ- 

 ing 'the eye, while lesions of the median and basal layers and 

 radiating fibres induce hemiplegia of the head, tongue, fore 

 limb, hind limb, trunk, etc. 



Respiratory Centres, Inspiratory and Expiratory are in 

 the floor of the fourth ventricle between the centres for the vagus 

 and accessory nerves, and are directly stimulated by the COj in 

 the blood. Secondary subsidiary centres are in the optic thala- 

 mus, in the corpora quadrigemini both anterior and posterior 



