44 Veterinary Medicine. 



that the command could usually be guarded against sun stroke 

 when a supply of water was kept on hand. It should be used 

 guardedly, but nothing would act better in obviating an attack. 

 On the other hand, when the canteens were empty, under the 

 hot sun the seizures increased disastrously. 



Sheep are especially liable to suffer from • heat by reason of 

 their dense fleece, which hinders the evaporation of perspira- 

 tion, and the cooling effect of air on the skin. When the 

 temperature rises, respiration is accelerated and panting, the 

 lungs seeking to supplement the work of the skin. When 

 traveling in a heavy fleece, or in the hot sunshine in July or 

 August sun stroke is not uncommon among them. 



Lesions. Among the lesions may be named, vacuity of the 

 left ventricle and fullness of the right ventricle and veins with 

 fluid blood or a diffluent clot ; congestion of the pia or dura 

 mater, effusion into the ventricles, haemorrhages into the sub- 

 serous tissues, and degeneration of the muscles. 



Symptoms. Horse. When premonitory symptoms are ob- 

 served the animal fails to respond to whip or voice, lessens his 

 pace, stubs with his fore feet and sways with the hind, depresses 

 his head and hangs heavily on the bit. 



Too often these are omitted or overlooked, and the horse sud- 

 denly stops, props himself on his four limbs, drops and extends 

 the head, breathes with great rapidity, panting and even stertor, 

 dilates the nostrils widely, retracts the angle of the mouth and 

 even gapes, has the eyes fixed, the pupils dilated and the beats 

 of the heart tumultuous. The superficial veins are distended, the 

 visible mucosae congested with dark blood, and blood may escape 

 from the nose. Perspiration usually sets in. 

 . The animal may fall and die in a few minutes in convulsions, 

 or, if stopped sufficiently early and suitably treated, he may in a 

 measure recover in 15 to 20 minutes. 



Symptoms. Ox. The premonitory symptoms are like those 

 in the horse : dullness, rapid panting, breathing, the mouth is 

 opened and the pendent tongue is covered with frothy saliva, a 

 frothy mucus escapes from the nose, the eyes are congested and 

 fixed, the pupils dilated, the nostrils and flanks work laboriously, 

 the heart palpitates, the animal sways or staggers and falls. 

 Death follows in convulsions, or it may be delayed, the animal 



