Vertigo. Megrhns. Blind Staggers. 69 



Disorderly Movements of the Limbs. 



Some horses have a habit of continuously raising one hind 

 limb, others raise the right and left alternately, rocking the hind 

 quarters from side to side, others stand with the heel of one hind 

 foot resting on the front of the coronet of the other, while still 

 others paw continuously with the fore feet while standing in the 

 stall. 



'Ireatvient. These various conditions even when begun as an 

 expression of impatience, soon become fixed habits, that prove in 

 the end virtually uncontrollable by an animal, which has no 

 strong will and no consciousness of anything to be gained by re- 

 sisting the impulse. They become virtual psychoses. In cases 

 in which the habit can be traced to a peripheral irritation, the 

 cutting off of this by complete section of the afferent nerves 

 leading to the irritable nerve centre will sometimes succeed in ef- 

 fecting a cure. In other cases in which the source of the dis- 

 order is probably largely central in the cerebral ganglia, nerve 

 tonics, and sedatives, and generally corroborative treatment are 

 the most obvious means of palliation. Such measures are, how- 

 ever, rarely successful. Nourishing- food and invigorating out- 

 door exercise are useful auxiliaries. 



VERTIGO. MEGRIMS. BI.IND STAGGERS. 



Disadvantage of lack of subjective symptoms. Causes, varied, narcotics, 

 overloaded stomach, cerebral anaemia or hyperaemia, degeneration, parasites, 

 tumors, jugular obstruction, valvular heart disease, disease of internal ear, 

 plethora. Susceptible animals : horse, ox, dog, pig, sheep Direct causes : 

 tight collar, or throat-latch, flexion of head; heart desease, pulmonary disease, 

 embolisms, gastric distention, hepatic disorder, optic vertigo, aural vertigo, 

 injections into ear, rhigolene, chloral, acariasis, seasickness, railroad sick- 

 ness, cholesteatoma, coenurus, concussion, degeneration, softening, oestrus, 

 linguatula, narcotics, essential oils, essential vertigo. Symptoms : in irrit- 

 able animal, highly fed, and without exercise, crowds pole, his mate or. a 

 wall, shakes or jerks head, staggers, trembles, rears, plunges, falls, struggles, 

 sweats, rolls eyes, recovers. In gastric or hepatic cases, dullness, pendent 

 head, swaying gait, dull eye, dilated pupil, pendent lids and lips, leans on 

 adjacent object, staggers, falls. In optic cases are obvious causes in transi- 

 tion to light, etc., and palliation by covering the eyes. In aural cases, roll- 



