Meningo — Encephalitis. Staggers. 107 



tiform attacks. In exceptional cases the symptoms approximate 

 to those of rabies, in the tendency to seek seclusion, to wander 

 off, to bite on any interference, and even to gnaw the bars of the 

 cage or any object within reach. After more or less of such ex- 

 citement, the period of stupor, coma, paresis, or paralysis comes 

 on, and the animal dies in a state of complete nervous prostra- 

 tion. In cases associated with the linguatula tsenioides the 

 sneezing, nasal discharge and nasal congestion, even in the early 

 stages, betray the true character of the disorder. 



The rabiform cases usually lack the intense irritability, the 

 deep conjunctival congestion, the depraved appetite, the al- 

 teration of the voice, and the mischievous desire to attack 

 without reason which characterize rabies. 



Treatment. In all cases of phrenitis, quiet, darkness, and 

 coolness are especially demanded. For the horse a roomy, loose 

 box or a well fenced yard may be secured, and if he can be se- 

 cured by a halter from a point above the level of the head and in 

 the centre of the box it will obviate the increase of congestion by 

 hanging of the head. The application of cold to the cranium in 

 the form of wet cloths, ice bags or irrigation is always in order, 

 and should be continued so long as hfeat of the head and other 

 indications of cranial hyper aemia last. 



In the horse suffering, as is so often the case, from narcotic 

 poisoning an active piirgative is one of the first considerations to 

 clear away any remains of the poison from the prima vies. An 

 ounce of aloes may be safely given, as there is in this case little 

 danger of superpurgation, and, . to secure an even more prompt 

 response, eserine (i>^ grain) or barium chloride ( J^ drachm) may 

 be given subcutem or intravanously. Or an- ounce or two qf 

 glycerine by the rectum might be used as a substitute for these 

 last. The action of the purgative proves not only eliminant and 

 therefore antidotal, but it is a most effective derivative from the 

 brain. When the restlessness or excitement is very great we 

 may use acetanilid, trional, sulphonal or some one of the many 

 brain sedatives and antithermics. Sedatives, or anodynes like 

 opium, which tend to increase cerebral congestion are dangerous. 



Bleeding from the jugular or temporal artery, has been objected 

 to on the ground that it tends to increase the exudate and there- 

 fore the pressure and cerebral anaemia. On the other hand it 



