Poisoning by Nitro- Benzol. 149 



the blood failing to take up oxygen. In chronic aniline poisoning 

 in man the following symptoms have appeared : papular, vesicular 

 or pustular skin eruptions, or ulcers on hands, feet and scrotum ; 

 an odor of coal tar ; anorexia, nausea and vomiting ; headache, 

 vertigo, stupor, ringing of the ears, amblyopia, muscular spasms, 

 muscular weakness, anaesthesia and motor paralysis especially of 

 the extremities. The fatal dose is i j^ dr. and upward. 



Aniline may be extracted from the tissues by petroleum ether, 

 and on the evaporation of the solution, it is left as an oily yellow- 

 ish mass which gives the following reactions : — with a few drops 

 of sodic hypochlorite a blue or violet blue ; with acids a rose red ; 

 with bromine a flesh red. 



The treatment must be by elimination by emesis, or purgation, 

 by removal from aniline fumes or mixtures, and by stimulating 

 and tonic agents. In place of emesis a stomach tube and lukewarm 

 water in large amount may be employed to wash out the stomach. 

 For vomiting animals ipecacuan may be employed. Copious 

 enemata may be given, along with purgatives, to clear out the 

 bowels. As stimulants strong coffee, caffein, camphor, or strych- 

 nia may be employed. In case of profound stupor, prostration, or 

 paresis it may be desirable to reduce the amount of aniline in the 

 system by free blood-letting, care being taken to inject subcutem, 

 or into a serous cavity, a nearly equivalent amount of normal 

 salt solution. 



POISONING BY NITRO-BENZOI.. 



Composition. Source. Uses. Characters. Toxic qualities. Convul- 

 sions ; paralysis ; cyanosis ; weak pulse ; bitter almond odor ; dark red 

 urine ; sopor, giddiness ; reduced size of red blood globules ; congested 

 brain, stomach, intestines. Treatment : emesis, purgation, stimulants, 

 electricity, derivatives, bleeding, normal salt solution. 



Nitro-benzol (Nitro-benzine, C^ H5 NO^ ) is a coal tar product, 

 formed in large quantities in the manufacture of aniline dyes 

 and extensively used as a flavoring agents for soaps, sweet meats, 

 etc. It is formed by the addition of strong nitric acid to ben- 

 zine, and appears as a yellow fluid with an odor resembling, 

 yet somewhat different from, that of prussic acid or oil of 



