222 Veterinary Medicine. 



2d. Chronic parenchymatous nephritis with enlarged kidney and 

 degenerated tubules. 



.3d. Acute diffuse (^desquamative, interstitial) nephritis with en- 

 larged kidney and glomeruli, tubules and connective tissue degen- 

 erated. 



4th. Chronic diffuse {desquamative, interstitial) nephritis. 



5th. Suppurative nephritis and pyelo-nephritis, infection may 

 be from injury. 



6th. Peri-nephritis : infection of connective tissue with adjacent 

 disease. 



In domestic animals the following distinctions have been made : 



I St. Acute nephritis. 



2d. Chronic nephritis. 



3d. jPurulent nephritis and pyelo-nephritis. 



4th. Peri-nephritis. 



ACUTE NEPHRITIS. ACUTE BRIGHT' S DISEASE. 



Animals affected. Causes: hyperaemia, traumas, cold, chill, fever, bic- 

 teria, toxins, overfeeding, nitrogenous food, raw potatoes, xanthin products, 

 acrid diuretics, diuretic insects, suppression of micturition, skin lesions, 

 burns, embolism, calculus. Symptoms : colic, trembling, rigor, arched, 

 stiff, tender loins, stiffness in quarters, drags hind legs, urination frequent, 

 movements of penis and testicle, costiveness, grinding teeth, anorexia, 

 vomiting (in dogs, cats and pigs), fever, dropsies, ursemic convulsions 

 urine scanty, high colored, red or bloody, thin, cloudy or turbid, albumi- 

 nous, purulent, oxalates, urates, hippurates, hsematoidin, epithelium, 

 mucus, casts. Prognosis : resolution in three days, or ursemia, suppuration, 

 degenerations. Lesions : kidney enlarged, softened, friable, red, yellow, 

 black, purulent, glomerulitis, tubular hephritis, interstitial nephritis. Treat- 

 ment : rest, warm building, warm clothing, green or sloppy, amylaceous 

 food, bleeding, cupping, skin friction, fomentations, warm bath, hot air 

 bath, sinapisms, anodynes, laxatives, diaphoretics, heart tonics, alkaline 

 diuretics, paracentesis, bitters, iron, phosphates, hydrogen peroxide, cubebs, 

 etc. 



Genera affected. This has been seen in horse, ox, dog, sheep 

 and pig. 



Causes. It is ascribed to the most varied causes, such as : 

 hypersemia, blows and injuries on the back and loins, sprains of 



