URETERITIS. 



From wounds, calculus, parasites, infection, injuries in parturition. 

 Symptoms : in wounds of ureter. Course : danger of infection of kidney or 

 bladder. Treatment : for calculus, antispasmodics, anodynes, fomentations ; 

 for parasites, arsenious acid ; for catarrhal conditions, balsams, buchu, 

 salicylates, etc. Operation. Uretero-vaginal fistula. 



This may arise from the passage of a rough calculus, from 

 wounds of the ureter sustained in kicks and blows or by being run 

 over by wheels (dogs, cats), it may be due to the blocking of the 

 tube by a parasite such as strongylus gigas, ecchinococcus, etc., or 

 it may be the result of extension of an infectious inflammation 

 backward from the kidney or forward from the bladder. Again 

 it may be the result of a lesion of the ureter in cases of dystokia. 



The symptoms are obscure but there is likely to be frequent 

 straining and passage of urine, tenderness of the loins, all the 

 more significant if confined to one side, lameness or halting on 

 the corresponding hind limb, and on examination through the 

 rectum the swollen and tender cord representing the ureter may 

 be recognizable. In case of calculus or other obstruction the 

 ureter may be felt to be swollen, elastic and tender back to a 

 slight nodular, painful, firm swelling at the seat of obstruction. 



Course. In all such cases there is always danger of inflamma- 

 tion (infectious or otherwise) of the kidney with degeneration 

 and loss of structure and function, the organ being reduced to a 

 simple urinous cyst (hydronephrosis). In some cases, however, 

 the obstruction (calculus, parasite) may escape into the bladder 

 and a recovery follow. Slight infections, too, may improve and 

 advance to complete convalescence. 



Treatment will depend much on the causative factor : Calculus 

 must be treated by anodyne anti-spasmodics, and fomentations, 

 and in case of relief by measures calculated to prevent its forma- 

 tion anew : parasites maybe treated by arsenious acid, oil of turpen- 

 tine, and other parasiticides which are secreted by the kidneys : 

 catarrhal and infected conditions may be met by balsams, buchu, 

 salicylic acid, piperazine, and even peppers. In case of calculus 

 which does not give promise of passing, even a surgical opera- 

 tion may be thought of, especially in the smaller house animals. 

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