HiBMORRHAGK ON THE OVARY. 



Mare and Cow : genital excitement, mechanical injury, diseased ovary in 

 unimpregnated, ovulation with bleeding, falls, slings. Lesions : old de- 

 generations, productive inflammation, varicosities, aneurisms, torpid vessels, 

 blood staining, clots, follicular or not, ruptures into peritoneum, amount, 

 microbes usually absent. Symptoms : obscure, arched, stiff loins, colics, 

 recumbency, large tender ovary. Shivering, fever, anorexia, anaemia, sur- 

 face coldness, unsteadiness, blood from vulva, liquid in abdomen fluctuates. 

 Treatment : cold, ice, snow, on loins, cold acid drinks, tannin, iron chloride, 

 matico, gelatine subcutem, atropin, ergotin, viburnum, derivatives, castra- 

 tion. 



This has been seen in the mare and cow especially in connec- 

 tion with genetic excitement and mechanical injuries, and more 

 especially pre-existing disease of the ovary. Trasbot notes that 

 it has always been in the absence of pregnancy, a fact which we 

 can easily explain on the ground that most active diseases of the 

 ovary render the animal barren. Gestation like castration, calms 

 the genetic instincts, and prevents the recurrence of oestrum with 

 its vascular excitement, general and ovarian, which characterizes 

 the unimpregnated condition. The normal rupture of the 

 Graafian follicle and escape of the ovum is attended by some 

 effusion of blood which passes through a series of changes pre- 

 paratory to absorption. A more extensive bleeding, at the time 

 of oestrum or otherwise, into a follicle or intrafollicular, and with 

 or without rupture of the albugenic tunic constitutes the morbid 

 haemorrhage. Among mechanical causes may be named violent 

 exertion, falls, and suspension" in slings. 



Lesions. Some cases in mares and cows show old standing 

 lesions, to which the extravasation is secondary : a productive 

 inflammation of the ovarian stroma ; varicosity of the ovarian 

 veins ; aneurism of the utero-ovarian artery ; 'the presence of 

 emboli or thrombi. In the area of the effusion there is a general 

 turgescence of the vessels, and blood staining of the stroma. Or 

 there are distinct blood clots in the follicles or between them, a 

 few lines or an inch in diameter, buried in the depth of the 

 organ, or standing out in rounded swellings on its surface, and 

 sometimes with a rupture two or three inches in length, and the 

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