BURNS OF THE CONJUNCTIVA. 



Burns and cauterizations may occur in all domestic animals 

 from acids, alkalies, quicklime, carbolic acid, boiling liquids, etc. 

 The cornea usually suffers, being the part most exposed. The 

 caustics cause Swelling, blanching and finally exfoliation of the 

 epithelium, or even of the superficial layers of the cornea. In. 

 burns by hot liquids vesication may be present. If the destruc- 

 tion extends deeply into the cornea there may be escape of the 

 aqueous humor and destruction of vision. If less penetrating, 

 there may still develop vascularity, and permanent opacity by 

 reason of the formation of a cicatrix or a change of structure in 

 the layers of the cornea, or, in dogs especially, adhesion of the 

 cornea to the eyelids (symblepharon). In the early stages there 

 is closure of the eyelids, with swelling, profuse lachrymation, 

 and photophobia. 



Treatment. The first object is to remove or neutralize the 

 offending body. Thus sulphuric or other mineral acid would 

 demand a free irrigation with a i per cent, solution of carbonate 

 of soda or potash. For alkalies, carbonated water, or a 4 per 

 cent, solution of boric acid may be employed. For lime, Gosselin 

 recommends free irrigation with saccharated water. The first 

 step, however, should be to wipe out the particles of lime with 

 a soft rag soaked in oil. 



The pain may be met by a solution of cocaine (i per cent.), 

 or atropia ^ per cent. In addition, we may irrigate with cold 

 water or apply weak antiseptic collyria, and employ derivation 

 by the bowels or the skin. 



SIMPI.E ACUTE CATARRHAI, CONJUNCTIVITIS. 



Causes : irritant gases, smoke, dry air, dust, pollen, microbes, insects, 

 seeds, chaff, awns, sand, dust, quicklime, coal dust, hairs, whips, canes, 

 branches, stubble, fences, nails, claws, teeth, iodine, chlorine, bromine, 

 formalin, turpentine, rain, hail, sleet, glare of sun, ice, snow, white sand or 

 clay, filaria, acari, infectious diseases. Symptoms : closed, lids, epiphora, 

 redness diffuse on lids, ramified on sclera, projected nictitans, milky floc- 

 culent discharge, later purulent, matted lashes or tarsi. No photophobia. 

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