APHTHOUS CONJUNCTIVITIS. PHI.YCTENUI.AR 

 CONJUNCTIVITIS. 



Closely allied to the last, are those cases in which vesicles ap- 

 pear on the conjunctiva. In exceptional cases these are seen 

 during an epizootic of foot and mouth disease, while in other 

 instances they are associated with eczematous eruptions on other 

 parts of the body, particularly in dogs. In the human subject 

 conjunctival vesicles are often associated with tuberculosis, but 

 this has not been recorded of animals so far. The disease 

 usually makes a rapid eruption, , with symptoms of extreme in- 

 flammation, and its duration is largely determined by the general 

 disease. 



Beside the local treatment by astringent or antiseptic and sedative 

 coUyria it may be desirable to correct the hepatic, digestive or 

 other disorder on which the eczema depends, or to improve the 

 general health by a course of bitters or even of cod-liver oil. 



DIPHTHERITIC CONJUNCTIVITIS IN BIRDS. 



Hens, ducks, pigeons. Local inflammation, fibrinous exudate, concreting 

 or becoming cheesy, necrotic, sloughy. Beneath the mucosa red, raw ; 

 without epithelium, but excess of lymphoid cells, some only muco-purulent, 

 gravity varies. Grave cases inoculable oa birds, mice, rats and rabbits. 

 Bacillus diphtherise avium, morphology and biology. Pathogenesis. Pre- 

 vention : exclude germ ; cleanliness ; pure air ; pure food ; pure water. 

 Quarantine strange fowls, keep flocks apart, seclude manure, segregate 

 sick, disinfect. Treatment : Antiseptics ; boric acid ; sublimate ; ichthyol ; 

 silver nitrate. Infection to man. 



A disease of the mouth, fauces, nose and eyes, associated with 

 the formation of false membranes, has been long recognized in 

 birds (hens, ducks, pigeons, etc.), and is known to bird-fanciers 

 by the names of roup, and diphtheria. The disease is character- 

 ized by the presence of a local inflammation in patches, associated 

 in the early stages, with a free serous discharge, but, later, with 

 the formation of white, or grayish, fibrinous exudate, which may 

 be at first firm and smooth, later soft and cheese like, and still 

 373 



