Hydrophthalmos or Buphthalmos Congenitus. 429 



The manifest projection outward of the eye may occur as a 

 nervous phenomenon, without intraocular pressure, and without 

 abscess, neoplasm, or inflammation in the depth of the orbit. In 

 a case of tuberculosis in a three year old cow, I have found this 

 condition, with normal tension of the eyeball, but with acute 

 . tubercular meningitis of the pia, surrounding the pons and crura 

 cerebri, a grayish exudate with lighter miliary centres, and a 

 considerable clot of extravasated blood. 



Symptoms. Mostly without any febrile reaction, there As a 

 manifest enlargement and bulging of the globe of the eye, so 

 that it stands out between the lids which can no longer cover it. 

 The cornea, aqueous, lens, and vitreous are not usually opaque, 

 but show only a pale, blue, opalescent tint. The pupil is often 

 widely dilated so as to show clearly the interior of the eye. Ver- 

 tiginous symptoms have been observed in the cow (Pradal), the 

 supposed result of intraocular pressure. 



Treatment has had little effect when it stops short of puncture 

 of the cornea or iridectomy. 



HYDROPTHAI.MOS OR BUPHTHAI^MOS 

 CONGENITUS. 



This has been applied to a congenital enlargement of the eyes 

 from internal distension in children. The cases in lambs and 

 foals quoted in the last article were evidently of this nature. 

 They are charged on intraocular pressure acting on the delicate 

 tissues of the embryo or unborn animal. There is not necessarily 

 cupping of the optic disc so that persistent tension after birth 

 cannot be insisted on. 



Cases occurring in older animals, may be forms of secondary 

 glaucoma though classed under hydrophthalmos by Mayer and 

 others. 



Treatment when demanded is along the same lines as in glaucoma- 



