Urticaria : Nettlerash : DermatoJieuroses. 477 



Symptoms. Horse. A marked feature of the disease is its 

 sudden eruption. In two or three hours, a healthy skin, may- 

 become covered with a nearly uniform eruption of projecting 

 nodules, varying from the size of a pea (Friedberger — Frohner), 

 to one or two inches in diameter. The nodules may stand out 

 ^ to ^ inch, and, when they become confluent, they form 

 extended patches of even greater thickness causing the unsightly 

 enlargement of the lips, nostrils, chin, cheeks, the whole lower 

 part of the head, the head as a whole, the sides of the neck, shoul- 

 ders, breast, dorso-lumbar region, abdomen, or even excep- 

 tionally of the legs. The engorged lips and eyelids become use- 

 less and the legs stiff and stocky. The hair covering the nodules 

 is dry and rigid, standing erect, and materially encreasing the 

 distortion. The surface of the nodules, on a bare and hairless 

 part, is pink, or on pigmented parts purple or violet. Itching 

 may be present but is not usually a prominent feature. In the 

 milder cases the nodules may be few and isolated from each other 

 (discrete), in the more violent they become confluent, covering 

 an immense area or almost the entire skin. The individual 

 nodules often subside and disappear as rapidly as they came, but 

 as one crop is liable to be followed by another the condition may 

 be kept up for a considerable time. Schleg and Schindelka note 

 invasions of the mucosae of the nose and vulva. 



Symptoms. Cattle. These resemble in the main those seen in 

 the horse. There is the sudden eruption, the large nodules vary- 

 ing from a walnut to the fist, the erect hair sometimes drawn 

 together into a pencil, and it may be matted with a dried exu- 

 date, the red surface of the affected white portions of skin, the 

 comparative absence of pruritus, the transient character of the 

 lesion, and the eruption of one crop after another. The nodules 

 are more likely than in the horse to develop small vesicles and to 

 exude a liquid which mats the hairs, and when dry and encrusted 

 this tends to lift the hair from the follicles, leaving bare spots of 

 a circular outline. The nodules formed near the natural open- 

 ings may extend on the mucosae of the eyes, rectum, vulva 

 (I/ipperlein) or even the nose. In the latter situation they inter- 

 fere seriously with breathing through the narrow nasal cham- 

 bers. 



Symptoms. Dog. These follow the same course, the disease mak- 



