CHRONIC ECZEMA OF THE CARPUS AND TARSUS ; 



MAI^ANDERS : SALEENDERS. 



Eruption in bends of carpus and tarsus and downward : Causes : lym- 

 phatic temperament, constitutional predisposition, deranged internal 

 organs, excessive secretions, modified, congested skin, friction between 

 dermal folds. Symptoms : stiffness, heat, thickening and redness, vesicles 

 or oozing, crusts, erect hairs, shedding 'hair, squamae, cracks, abrasions, 

 fissures, subcutaneous engorgement, lymphangiectasis. Treatment :. Cleanse, 

 get pure air, regular exercise, non-stimulating food, avoid cold water, mud, 

 slush, caustic soap, lime, sharp sand, foul organic matter. Massage. Light 

 bandages. Bland ointments Dusting powders. Rest. Iodoform. Starch. 

 Zinc oxide. Boric acid. Magnesia. Bismuth. Lycopodion. Lead. 

 Tannin. Pyoktannin. Stimulating ointments. Green soap. Arsenic. 



The bends of the carpus and tarsus in heavy, lymphatic, coarse 

 skinned horses are especially subject to eczema followed by a 

 dense scabby eruption, which in the old farrier's nomenclature 

 was known as malanders in the fore limb and sallenders in the 

 hind. It is not always confined to the joints but may extend 

 down the limb, especially on the back, where the hair is coarser 

 and the skin thicker, as far as the fetlock or even to the hoof. 



In the matter of causation much depends on the general con- 

 stitutional state which tends to eczema, and on the torpor or 

 derangement of some of the internal organs the functions of which 

 are interdependent with those of the skin. Something too must 

 be attributed to the freer secretions of these parts in coarse bred 

 horses, to the accumulation of such secretions and of extraneous 

 irritants under the long hair, to the sluggishness of the circula- 

 tion in the limbs which has to overcome the force of gravitation, 

 and to friction between the thick folds of skin in flexion, and 

 stretching in extension. Swelling of the lower limbs is at once a 

 cause and an effect of the disease. 



Symptoms. At the outset the animal may be seen to move 

 rather stiflEly, and the skin is found to be hot, thickened and if 

 white reddened. Soon a close observation may detect the 

 eruption of vesicles, or simply an oozing of a yellowish or bloody 

 serum which concretes around the hairs forming an encrusted cov- 

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