Pemphigus in Horse, Ox, Pig, and Dog. 517 



creamy nature of the contents of the pustules, as compared with 

 the glairy, oily nature of the farcy discharge, by the absence of 

 coincident nasal ulcers, submaxillary nodular swellings or other 

 lesions of glanders, by its short course and tendency to spon- 

 taneous early recovery, and by the absence of reaction under 

 the mallein test. 



In all cases the known prevalence of the contagious pustular 

 dermatitis in the locality, or the introduction of strange horses 

 which exhibit sequelae of the lesions will assist greatly in the di- 

 agnosis. 



Prevention. If animals are introduced from an infected or un- 

 known locality they should be kept apart from others for two 

 weeks. In a stable where it has already appeared the diseased 

 and healthy should be carefully separated and the skins of those 

 as yet unaffected may be washed with a solution of mercuric 

 chloride (i : 1000) or creolin (i : 100). The walls of the stable 

 should be whitewashed, and all stable utensils disinfected in boil- 

 ing water or one of the above named antiseptics. The harness 

 demands particular attention. 



Treatment. This is essentially germicide. After a soapy wash, 

 any one of the usual disinfectants may be used : aluminum acetate, 

 (i : 15), mercuric chloride (i ; 1000), carbolic acid (i : 50), creo- 

 lin (i : 50), copper sulphate (i : 50), etc. I,ead acetate 2 parts, 

 alum I part and water 50 parts, has been found to be effective. 



PEMPHIGUS IN HORSE, OX, PIG, AND DOG. 



On rare occasions the horse or ox is attacked with a skin erup- 

 tion, attended with the formation of bullae or blisters, from the 

 size of a hazelnut to a hen's egg, or larger. It is sometimes 

 shown sporadically and at others appears at once in a large num- 

 ber of animals in the same herd. The causes are obscure, yet the 

 enzootic appearance of the affection is suggestive of a common 

 factor entering probably by the food. lyoiset and Seaman have 

 recorded enzootic outbreaks in cattle and Dieckerhoff in the horse. 



Symptoms are cutaneous congestion with the formation of 

 swellings like a walnut, but exceptionally as large as the fist, on 



