196 DISEASES OF THE HOESE. 



Treatment. Open it with a knife, making a large opening 

 through the skin, only at the lowest soft part, so the serum 

 will run out without pressing. Inject once or twice with 

 cold water, and anoint the skin with lard to prevent it from 

 cracking or becoming dry. 



Seton.-^A piece of tape placed under the skin by 

 means of a needle, made for the purpose. Setons are 

 rarely of use, and are often torn violently out, making an 

 ugly sore. 



Shivers. — So called because the horse is seized with 

 tremor of the muscles of the whole body, when any attempt 

 is made to push him back. The tail is erect as in cases of 

 lockf.d-jaw. 



Causes. Tumors on the ventricles of the brain. 



Shoeing of Sound Feet. — Most diseases of the feet, 

 and every stumble are, either directly or indirectly, the 

 refiult of bad shoeing. Horse-shoers have long been in the 

 habit of using the knife and rasp too freely to keep feet 

 sound very long so. When the shoe is carefully removed, 

 the wall or crust, where a well seated shoe should only 

 rest, should be gently rasped to remove fragments of loose 

 horn and old nails. In deep, well-made feet, the sole 

 requires paring out till it is in the form of a cup, but not 

 too thin — the bearing surface, or wall, to be made level for 

 the new shoe. This is all that is required in a sound fitot. 

 The frog must be left to fill its functions. Above all, do 

 not let the rasp be used upon the surface of the foot, for it 

 is the skin of the hoof, and by its removal you expose it to 

 every change in moisture and dryness, and leave it weak, 

 dry, porous and brittle. 



The shoe should be a plain one, equally broad and wiae 

 from heel to toe, and put on without seating; for why 



