TREPANNING, 



223 



Transfusion.' — This is the act or operation of trans- 

 ferring the blood of one living animal into the vascular 

 system of another by means of a tube. Mr. James Parrel, 

 of Dublin, Ireland, was the first veterinarian, to my 

 knowledge, who employed transfusion to any extent, and 

 to excellent advantage. In cases of debility from blood 

 letting, he has done wonders with it, and has conclusively 

 proved to his countrymen the danger of bleeding horses to 

 cure or prevent diseases. For, in such cases as had not 

 been bled, he had no trouble ; but, in those which had been 

 bled before he was called to them, every one died. Hence 

 he resorted to transfusion, in order to save others that had 

 been treated by bleeding. The effect of transfusion is 

 almost instantaneous. 



Tread. — (See Foot Diseases.) 



TREPANNING INSTRUMENTS. 



Trepanning. — This is an operation for opening into 

 the bones of the head or face to elevate or raise a portion 

 of bone which from accident has been depressed or frac- 

 tured. The instrument used for this purpose is called a 

 Trephine. 



It is designed to cut out a circular portion of the bone, so 

 that a smooth piece of iron is inserted in the hole, and 



