278 DIBKASES OF CATTLE. 



produced) give good place to our Indian or corn meal. 

 Tlie turnips may be supplanted by beet or mangold, etc. 

 Turnips as a crop, farmers do not as a class with us, appre- 

 ciate the true value of, either as a feed for cows or as an 

 improver of manure' — lying at the base of true agriculture : 



Experience soon taught me that most milk and butter 

 were produced when the feeding was most carefully at- 

 tended to. In order to ensure this, I superintended this 

 department myself, and shall give the management as 

 systematically followed. In winter, at six o'clock in tha 

 morning two arms windling — an armful tightly wound up 

 between them. Afterwards they were well cleaned, the 

 stalls being also well littered, and the doors of the cow- 

 houses shut until eight o'clock, when all were called to the 

 milking. At ten o'clock, an ordinary sized barrowful of 

 turnips was given between three cows, and when the 

 turnips were not to be had, a quart of peas or bean meal 

 was given instead, mixed with a pint of cold water. 

 There is no feeding, however, equal to turnips, especially 

 the Yellow Aberdeen. A richer taste and color is im- 

 parted to the butter produced by this root than from any 

 other kind of feeding in the early part of winter — while a 

 larger quantity both of butter and milk is produced 

 thereby. In the spring, when the feeding properties of 

 this root are very much deteriorated, a small quantity of 

 peas or bean meal will be found needful to keep up the 

 full return of milk. The peas or bean meal are preferable 

 to oil-cake or locust-beans, as both of the latter give the 

 milk and butter a hard flavor. 



About one o'clock, the cows should be let out to watering, 

 and when weather is mild and otherwise favorable, fresh 

 air will be found to be of very great advantage to the 

 general health of the dairy stock. When the cowa are at 



