JAUNDICE. 289 



water; for be it remembered that cattle should have all 

 medicines given in large fluids, and it is more imperatively 

 demanded in cases like this, where so much depends upon 

 fluids. If twenty-four hours pass by without any efiect 

 from the salts, repeat the dose with an addition of two 

 ounces of the spirits of turpentine. With this dose the 

 purgative medicine should be stopped, whether it has had 

 any effect or not. So long as the animal does not seem 

 stupid or the brain be not afitcted, there are still hopes 

 that recovery may reward our labors. (See Texan Fever.) 



Jaundice. — Icterus. This is a common disease in the 

 ox, from the fact that he is supplied with a gall bladder, 

 and gall in great quantity. Jaundice may be properly 

 called biliary intoxication, or distribution of bile through- 

 out the whole circulation of the body. 



Causes. Closure of the biliary ducts in the liver, and 

 the consequent absorption of the bile into the stomach. 

 The bile duct may be closed from gall-stones. 



Symptoms. In white-skinned oxen, jaundice is seen at 

 once from their yellow color. In dark-colored animals we 

 are satisfied to examine the lining of the mouth, nose and 

 eyes, for this yellow appearance. In addition to these 

 signs, we have dullness and costiveness, while the dung is 

 of a whitish or straw-colored look. 



Treatment. If the symptoms be not very prominent, the 

 animal may be left with safety to the powers of nature, 

 which can be assisted by giving slop food, or placing it 

 upon bare pasture for a few days. If the case be more of 

 an acute kind, give a dose of purgative medicine, as 

 follows : Epsom salts, one pound ; table salt, half a pound ; 

 ginger, half an ounce ; mix, and dissolve in four bottles of 

 water, sweetened with molasses. 



