NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL PARK. 21 
The entire southern and western sides of the Park are 
exclusively devoted to the Hoofed Animals, in addition to 
which other members of that Order will be found at the 
Elephant and Small-Mammal Houses. The Carnivorous 
Animals will be found at the Lion House, Wolf and Fox 
Dens, Small-Mammal House and Bear Dens. The Birds are 
in two groups; one in the lower end of Bird Valley, and the 
Large Bird-House on Baird Court; the other around the 
Wild-Fowl Pond, south of the Wolf Dens. 
The existence of six entrances to the Park renders it im- 
possible to lay out an all-embracing ‘‘tour’’ for the visitor, 
and develop the Guide Book accordingly. The various col- 
lections will be handled in zoological groups, but the various 
groups cannot follow each other in zoological sequence. The 
table of contents and a comprehensive index will render 
each item of the subject matter quickly available. 
PHYSICAL ASPECT OF THE GROUNDS. 
The extreme length of the Park from north to south is 
4,950 feet, or 330 feet less than one mile; and its extreme 
width is 3,120 feet, or three-fifths of a mile. Roughly es- 
timated, one-third of the land area is covered by heavy 
forest, one-third by open forest, and the remaining third con- 
sists of open meadows and glades. The highest point of 
land in the Park is the crest of Rocking Stone Hill, the 
elevation of which is 94.8 feet above sea level. 
Topography.—Speaking broadly, the Zoological Park is 
composed of granite ridges running from north to south. 
In many places their crests have been denuded of earth by 
the great glacier which once pushed its edge as far south as 
New York City. In the valleys lying between these glacier- 
scraped ridges, great quantities of sandy, micaceous soil 
have been deposited; but in one spot—the Wild-Fowl Pond 
—what was once a green, glacial lake fifteen feet deep, pres- 
ently became a vast rock-walled silo filled with vegetable 
matter and a trembling bog of peat. Everywhere in the Park 
glacial boulders of rough granite or smoothly rounded trap- 
rock, varying in size from a cobble-stone to the thirty-ton 
Rocking Stone, have been dropped just where the warm 
southern sun freed them from the ice. The Park contains 
thousands of them, many of which have been removed from 
walks and building sites only with great labor. 
