NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL PARK. 93 
AFRICAN ELEPHANTS. 
which belonged Jumbo, and also the bearer of the enormous 
tusks presented to the Zoological Society by Mr. Charles T. 
Barney. Like all elephants newly arrived from Africa, 
they are young, and small; but if they have good health 
they will grow very rapidly, and about A. D. 1927 they 
should attain full stature,—11 feet at the shoulders for the 
male, or thereabouts. 
The different species of elephants are most easily recog- 
nized by their ears. Compare the enormous ‘‘sail-area’’ of 
the ears of this species with the small, triangular ear of the 
Indian elephant, and the small, round ear of the next species. 
The West African Elephant, (Elephas cyclotis), of equa- 
torial West Africa, especially the Congo country, is appar- 
ently a small species, not exceeding seven feet in height,— 
even if that height is-ever attained. Mr. Carl Hagenbeck re- 
ports that out of nearly 300 pairs of tusks of this species 
examined by him in the German ivory market, not one pair 
exceeded two feet in length, and many measured only 10 
inches. 
On July 25, 1905, we received a male specimen represent- 
ing this species, as a gift from Mr. Barney. It is strikingly 
marked by its small round ears, and the presence of 5 toes 
on each fore-foot and 4 on the hind foot, the number in the 
East African species being 4 and 3, respectively. At the 
time of its arrival, little ‘‘Congo’’ stood 43 inches in shoulder 
height, his weight was precisely 600 pounds, and his tusks 
